metro风格

WhatIsTheCityDesign?

[Abstract]CityDesignandurbandesign(UrbanDesign),manydesignersandtheoristsdefinitionof

esignisatermthatbegantoappearintheoneninefive

sAbramsthaturbandesignisagivencityfunctionandmodelingrulesanddogma,its

roleinseekingthecityorneighborhoodwithinthestructuresofharmonyandstyle。

摘要：城市设计（又称都市设计，英文UrbanDesign）的具体定义在建筑界通常是指以城市作为研究对

象的设计工作，介于城市规划、景观建筑与建筑设计之间的一种设计。城市设计（UrbanDesign）一词，

于一九五○年开始出现。查理士‧埃布尔拉姆斯（CharlesAbrams）认为城市设计是一项赋予城市机能与造

型的规则与信条，其作用在求城市或邻里内各结构物间的和谐与风格一致。

Keyword：CityDesignArchitecturaldesignCityPlanning

Nowthegenerallyaccepteddefinitionof"cityofdesignisafocuscityplanninglayout,the

appearanceofthecity,theurbanfunction,adisciplineandespeciallypaysattentiontothecity

publicspace".Withrespecttotheabstractionanddataofcityplanning,citydesignismorespecific

andgraphical;however,becauseafterthemidtwentiethCenturycitydesignpracticeguidance,

mostlyforthelandscapedesignorarchitecturedesignprovidesareferencearchitecture,and

landscapedesignorarchitecturaldesignwithspecificdifference.

CityDesigninacomplexprocessliesintherelationshipbetweencityentityarrangementand

essingthematerialspaceand

landscapelogo,createaphysicalenvironment,whichcanmaketheresidentsfeelhappy,andinspire

thespiritofcommunity,andcanbringthebenigndevelopmentofthewholecityrange.

;Qiaonasen,BA(JonathanBarnett)movespecialisthaturbandesignisacitymodelingwork,it

aimsatshowingoffthecity'aid,thinkof

citydesignisadesignofhumanbehaviorinall,itspurposeisnottheexternalwillconstitutethe

essenceofcityunitofthehumanlivingenvironment,suchasresidential,shops,factories,schools,

office,transportationfacilitiesandparkgreenspacetobeproperlyarranged,makeittomeetthe

humanneedsinthefunctionoflife,society,ationalJunyouwillWang

Aijunthatcitydesignscopeorscale,canbesmallorlarge,fromthedevelopmentofthewholecity

threedegreesofspacestructure,tothespaceinsideandoutsideareaarrangement,orevenastreet

NongXiangimprovement,retention,ahistoricbuildingsorareasofmaintenance,andtodesigna

monument,atreearrangementofthetree,t

ametimehandlingmutualrelationshipbetween

rocessofoveralldevelopmentofcity,citydesignplaysacontact

(underthecityplanningandarchitecturaldesign),animportantroleintheoverallcoordination.

Spaceandtimescalesofcitydesignprocessingthanthearchitecturaldesignforlarge,itsprocessing

block,community,neighborhood,andeventheentirecity(althoughtherangeofcontemporary

urbandesign,rarelytoanentirecityunlessCitysmaller),realizingitsdurationmostlysetinfifteen

specttothearchitecturaldesign,onlyneedtohandleasinglelandwithin

thescopeoftheconstructionwork,buildingcompletedatmostonlythreeorfiveyears,cityscale

eofcitydesignvariablesisarchitecture

lcitydesignworkscopeinvolvestheurbantrafficsystem,the

neighborhoodidentity,openspaceandpedestrianspaceorganization,factorsneedtotakeinto

accountthealsocontainscityclimate,societyetc..Numerousvariables,makingthecitydesignof

thecontentismorecomplex,plustherealizationofcitydesignschemenecessaryforlongduration,

asaresult,thehighdegreeofuncertaintyisfilledbetweenthecityofdesignandimplementationof

,alsobecauseofthecomplexityofcitydesigninvolvesthefactorsofcitydesign,

meansmoreindirect,ore,city

designofthisprofession,toolsandstrategiesandarchitecturaldesignapplicationofgreat

difference.

Indesignpracticeofcityspaceplanning,cityplanningandcitydesignalthoughtreatmentofcity

spaceproblems,however,differentefficiencyoftwoareasinthepracticehaveverybig.

Themainprocessingobjectofmoderncitydesignisapartofthecity"".Averycommonsituation

istheworkofcitydesign,areembeddedinalarger,ecity

planwillbeallkindsofmainfunctionregionincityarea(commercialareas,residentialareas,

culturalareas,naturalorhistoricpreservationdistrict...Etc.)tolocationafterthecity,cityplanning

designprofessionalcantakeoverfailingtomoredetailedprocessingwork-ineachspecificarea

block,theoverallshapeofthespatialorganizationanditsestablishmentbelongstothevolumeof

spatialscaleofcityplanningwork,notonlybeyondthepartitioninthewholecity,alsoinvolvesthe

entirecityform,anningworkoftenneed

toconsidertheurbanpositioninginawiderrangeof,herereferstoawiderscope,theycanreferto

urbangroup,"regional"(intheregionalplanofprofessionalperspectivethatregion),province,state,

national,andeveninternationalpoliticalandeconomicnetwork,andthesetendtobelessinking

problemsofurbandesign.

Forexample,inthetreatmentofcitytrafficsystem,thefaceofcitydesignproblemisoftenthe

relationshipbetweenbusstationorrailandcommunities,suchascommunityresidentshowto

facilitatesafefromhomesandbusstation,busstationmeaningservicefunctionsinthecommunity

lifeandothersocial,lightrailandthelandscapeofthecommunityhowtoharmoniouslycothe

structure,thebustohinderandprevent...Thelifeofthecommunity;incontrast,cityplanning

majoroftenneedtoconsiderpublictransportationrouteextensionservicesandothercity,the

suburbsorinthecountry,theoverallsocialphenomenaandtheseareasthroughthemasstransport

entcitydesignandcityplanninginotheraspects:city

designdoesnotneedtodecidetheuseofthelandwithinthecityofeachpartitionprobleminthe

conflictbetweencityfunction,signprofessionals

thancityplanningprofessionalsarelessinvolvementinpolicymakingandpoliticalprocessofcity.

Cityplanningprofessionalsandcitydesignprofessionals,allneedtofacequiteextensivesocial,

cultural,realspaceplanningdesignissues,thedifferencesaremainlyliesinthedifferenceofthe

object,scale,degree...Etc.

UrbanDesign--urbanandDesign--inthehistoryofmankindhasalwaysbeenanimportantissue

r,untilthe1950's,widelyestablishedrelatedprogram

beganinUniversitycountriesinEuropeandAmerica,urbandesigner(en:UrbanDesigner)ofthis

professionandurbandesigninthefield,becamenewtermbegantocommonforthepeopleofthe

cognitivesincehumansbegantoconsciouslybuildcities,re

excellentexamplesofcitydesignalotofancientChina,suchastheMingandQingDynasties

Beijingcityislocatedinthecenteroftheaxisofthepalacecomplex,withthewest"threesea"

(Beihai,ChinaSea,theSouthChinaSea,greenwater)basedcombination,tocreatethespace

environmentarebothrigorousmajesticimperialcapitalandvivid,isthecityofdesignmasterpiece.

InmanyancientcityChinese,suchasbuilding,street,square,screenwall,arch,Sita,pavilions,in

thespacelayout,visualperception,size,andotheraspectsarecarefullydesigned,constitutethe

ientGreekAcropolis,theancientRomeCityPlaza,

integrity,harmonyandunitywithmanyfamouscitysquare,medievalandRenaissanceEurope

somecitiescreatedalargepalacegardenandurbanarchitectureuniquewithroads,squares,

fountains,sculptureperfect,rgenceofthe

moderncity,broughtavarietyofcityfunctionandcomplex,promptingtheguidingideologyand

esignofmoderncity,inthecontent,scale,

technologylevelandform,stylecolorfuletc,hebeginningoftwentieth

Century,especiallyaftertheSecondWorldWar,

example,theexistingcitycenterarea,apieceofoldcityandoldstreetreconstructionand

renovation,varioustypesofMetro(includingsatellitetowns),thenewresidentialarea,citysquare

andpublicactivitycenter,largetransportationhub,alargegreenbelt(includingriverside,lakeside,

waterfrontgreenbelt)construction,isallthroughthecitydesigntobuildup.

Themoderncitydesigngoalistocreatethephysicalspaceenvironment,convenient,comfortable,

signisalltheelementsofacertaingeographicalspace,

comprehensivedesigninthepremiseofrealizingtheunityofthepredeterminedtarget,makethe

citytovariousfacilitiesfunctioncombinationandcoordination,unity,spaceformoftheperfect,

ularwayhastwokinds:onekindistheoveralldesign

ofmultispecialtyunderunifiedleadership;anotherisbasedonuniformdesignprogram,

respectively,forprofessionaldesign,quiresthecityengagedin

variousengineeringdesignpersonnel,conscientiouslyinaccordancewiththeoverallcitydesign

citydesigninadditiontolearning,

referencetotraditionalandmodernexamples,inparticularshoulddeeplyunderstandthevarious

problemsarisingfromthemoderncitylife,whichshouldbesolvedbymoderntechnologyand

unction,flowandcommunicationincludinghuman,isanimportantsubjectofcity

terialspaceisakindof"stage".Asthedesignstagemustunderstandthedrama,city

mustbefamiliarwiththedesignandresearchofcitylife,andtoexploretheidealcitysocialpursuit.

Toadapttothetimes,ofautomobiledesignand

thecarriageroadlandscapeagecannotbementionedinthesamebreath;massactivitiesofthepark,

plazaandenjoytheminorityancientprivategarden,

designerstocreatecityphysicalenvironmentandadapttoera.

Avisualinvestigationincitydesigniscomposedoftest--assessmentoftheadvantageousand

disadvantageousconditionsitsownparttoform,linvestigationcan

makethecitydesignersunderstandtothecitywheretheneedforreform.

Visualsurveyscanbeanysizetotown,alsocanundertake--community,downtown,thesuburbsor

agroupofbuildingsindifferentscalesofdifferentarea,canalsoaccordingtothecity'sexpansion.

Visualinvestigationprocessisnotcomplicated,alsodoesnotneedtheaccuratedegreeisveryhigh.

Infact,thisworkbestwithgenerallanguagetocomplete,becauseinordertostudycityinalarger

scale,rtocarryoutavisualinvestigation,musthaveabasic

conceptofcityformelement,thisneedsasetofdescriptiveterms,andinaccordancewiththis

ametime,inordertounderstandthe

operationofthecity,formandthefinalscene,andthereisaneedtolinkthevarious

misfitselements

willbeandtheneedtocorrectasdefects,andsometoaproperextentelementsshouldbe

emphasizedasaresourceandprotected,eagoodsurveywill

stimulateactionofinspiration,sothesuccessofthecitydesignofthesurveywillclearlyput

forwardmanyideas,soastoimprove,adjustorreplacesomepartsofthecity.

ByChinaBuildingIndustryPressandWuhanUniversityCityCollegeofdesigncombinedwith

editingandpublishingthe"city"toreflectthedesign,researchanddevelopment,relatedtothe

latesttheoryofcitydesignofthelatestachievementsofthelatestpracticeresearchandteaching

searchprocessresearchandteachingdesignbasedonarchitectureand

city,whiletryingtobuildwiththedomesticandforeignarchitectureandcitydesignplatformfor

exchangeandcooperation,humanlivingspace,space,spaceartphilosophystudy,spatialevaluation,

spaceexperimentandresearchandcityspacedesignsystemdesignadaptabilityofsubjectsteaching

lypublishesthefollowingfieldsarticle:citydesign,

cityplanning,city,town,citylandscapeaestheticstructureandmorphology,sustainable

development,cityhistory,cityhistorycultureprotection,reconstructionofcity,city,cityarea

positioningdesignmanagement,citydevelopmentandthecharacteristicsofcitydesignand

architectureteachingandotherrelatedfields.

Appropriatebuildingarrangementcaneffectivelymakethebuildingneartheflowofairtotheideal

nthebuildingsshouldkeepenoughdistance,inordertopromotethebuildings

withintheaircirc

spacebetwerto

reducetheairflowobstruction,buildingaxisshouldbeparallelwiththedirectionoftheprevailing

rtoincreasetheblowingwindlevelofeachbuilding,naturalventilationtoimprove

indooraxisandtheprevailingwinddirection,buildingtheangleshouldnotexceed30degrees.

Buildingsshallbestaggered,letthewindtoblowthroughthefrontofthespacebetweenthe

opriatecases,inthemainpedestrianzone/orientedandwind

directionatrightanglestothestreetside,ontheplatformandplatformedgehigh-riseshouldbeup,

willthewindblowingdowntotheroadguide.

Foranygivencity,seemtohaveapublicimage,thatis,manyindividualimpressioncommonpart,

theremayexistaseriesofpublicimage,eachofwhichrepresentsalargenumberofurbanresidents.

Apersontobesuccessfulintheirenvironment,andwiththeirpeerscooperatewell,isinseparable

neinmymindthereisapictureoftheoneandonly--someofwhich

contentrarely,methe

generalpublicimageindifferentenvironmentsaremoreorlesswithsomeofthemandatoryand

tion,

someeffectsareexistintheimagination,suchasanareaofsocialsignificance,function,history,

andeventhename,thesewillbeinthebookindetail,becauseourgoalistoexplaintheroleofthe

evethatthedesignformofsubstanceshouldbeusedtostrengthenthese

meanings,andnottoweakenthem.

References

[1]Yang·gesandspace[M].Beijing:ChinaBuildingIndustryPress

[2]inthecommuniti,theneighbourhoodexchangesandspaceofbuildingknowledge

[3]NielanHealth,apleasantlivingspace

城规122班

高志琴

2012302203